Integrating human-in-the-loop AI systems in the Italian judicial system

Despite ongoing efforts to digitize the Italian justicial system, challenges such as high case volumes, inconsistent digitalization and inefficient information management persist, in particular within Public Prosecutor’s Offices. This research examines the potential of integrating Human-in-the-Loop Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems into the Italian criminal justice system, aiming to support prosecutors by automating repetitive tasks, improving document management and enhancing workflow efficiency. Three practical areas of concern and their respective potential solutions are identified: (i) the classification and registration of crime reports, (ii) the transcription of wiretaps, and (iii) structured data storage for analysis and crime prevention. Although rooted in the Italian national system, the research proposes technical solutions that could be transferable to other jurisdictions with similar prosecutorial frameworks.